Indian Army to Bolster Anti-Drone Defences with Advanced Technology Amid Growing UAS Threats

In light of the increasing threat posed by Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS), the Indian Army is ramping up its anti-drone defences with the acquisition of cutting-edge technologies. With a growing emphasis on both “soft kill” and “hard kill” strategies, the army is preparing to acquire the Anti-UAS High Power Microwave (AUHPM) Mk II System, which promises to enhance India’s capabilities in detecting, tracking, and neutralizing aerial threats.

Countering Drones: The Need for Enhanced Solutions

The Indian Army has long been deploying radars, Integrated Drone Detection Systems, and advanced weaponry to combat UAS threats. However, recent developments in UAS technology have made traditional countermeasures insufficient, necessitating the need for more advanced systems.

The newly issued Request for Information (RFI) by the Indian Army seeks to procure the AUHPM Mk II System. This system will enhance the military’s anti-drone strategy by offering advanced surveillance, detection, and tracking capabilities. The AUHPM Mk II will be equipped with both “hard kill” and “soft kill” options, providing a comprehensive solution to UAS threats.

Indigenous Push: Aatmanirbharta in Defence

The Indian Army’s RFI also specifies a requirement for at least 50% indigenous content in the AUHPM system. This reflects India’s broader commitment to aatmanirbharta (self-reliance) in defence technology. The Indian government has been pushing for increased domestic manufacturing in defence to reduce dependency on foreign suppliers, and this procurement is a significant step in that direction.

Rising UAS Threats in Modern Warfare

UAS have emerged as a key element of modern warfare, as evidenced by recent global conflicts. In April 2024, Iran launched a massive drone attack against Israel, employing over 170 drones. Israel’s ability to counter this attack showcased the importance of robust anti-drone systems. Similarly, in the ongoing Russia-Ukraine conflict, UAVs have become a crucial asset on the battlefield.

India, too, faces escalating UAS threats from its neighbours, Pakistan and China. Both countries are rapidly advancing their drone technologies, with China already possessing a range of sophisticated UAS and counter-UAS systems. Pakistan, with support from China, is also developing its drone capabilities, making it imperative for India to strengthen its defences.

Challenges in Countering Drones

While larger drones are easier to detect and engage, smaller UAS pose a more significant challenge. Their compact size and low-altitude operation make them harder to detect using conventional systems. Soft kill methods such as jamming and spoofing are effective but come with limitations, including the risk of interference with other electronic systems. Hard kill solutions, which involve the physical destruction of drones, require precise targeting and advanced technology.

Combining Soft and Hard Kill Strategies

Experts agree that the most effective way to counter UAS threats is through a combination of soft and hard kill strategies. Countries like Russia and Ukraine have successfully employed this hybrid approach in their ongoing conflict, utilizing systems like Krashuka and high-energy lasers to disrupt and destroy drones.

India is following a similar path, with the Indian Army and Air Force collaborating on air defence efforts. The military is also exploring the development of hybrid systems to counter both small and large UAS. The AUHPM Mk II System, which integrates soft and hard kill capabilities, is seen as a crucial addition to India’s defence arsenal.

Preparing for Future Threats

India’s counter-UAS capabilities are continuously evolving to meet the challenges posed by modern drones. The Indian Army is actively seeking upgrades to existing systems, such as smart ammunition and pre-fragmented rounds, to improve its ability to neutralize UAS threats.

The AUHPM system is expected to have a range of at least 5 km and operate across various terrains, including high-altitude regions, plains, deserts, and coastal areas. The army has provided flexibility in design but is focused on acquiring the most advanced systems available to ensure national security.

By investing in cutting-edge technologies and promoting indigenous development, India is taking significant strides in countering the UAS threats posed by its adversaries.